Introduction Ramesh has 6 marbles with him. He wants to arrange them in rows in such a way that each row has the same number of marbles. He arranges them in the following ways and matches the total
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Factors And Multiples Mary wants to find those numbers which exactly divide 4. She divides 4 by numbers less than 4 this way
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Prime and Composite Numbers We are now familiar with the factors of a number. Observe the number of factors of a few numbers arranged in this table. We find that (a) The number 1 has on
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Tests for Divisibility of Numbers Is the number 38 divisible by 2? by 4? by 5? By actually dividing 38 by these numbers we find that it is divisible by 2 but
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Common Factors and Common Multiples Observe the factors of some numbers taken in pairs. (a) What are the factors of 4 and 18? The factors of 4 are 1, 2 and 4. &
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Prime Factorisation When a number is expressed as a product of its factors we say that the number has been factorised. Thus, when we write 24 = 3×8, we say that 24 has been factorised. This
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Highest Common Factor We can find the common factors of any two numbers. We now try to find the highest of these common factors. What are the common factors of 12 and 16? They are 1, 2 and 4.
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Lowest Common Multiple What are the common multiples of 4 and 6? They are 12, 24, 36, ... . Which is the lowest of these? It is 12. We say that lowest common multiple of 4 and 6 is 12. It is the s
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Some Problems on HCF and LCM We come across a number of situations in which we make use of the concepts of HCF and LCM. We explain these situations through a few examples. Example 12 : Two tan
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